The fractional Laplacian is the operator obtained by considering non-integer powers of the classical Laplacian. It appears in many models both from theoretical and applied mathematics. In this talk we are interested in particular to powers greater than one for which the theory is close to the one of polyharmonic operators. We will go over some recent results, obtained in collaboration with Sven Jarohs (Frankfurt am Main, Germany) and Alberto Saldaña (Mexico City, Mexico): these concern the loss of the maximum principle (also called in this context ``positivity preserving property'') and related issues, such as the oscillation of the first eigenfunction.